What is emphysema?

Emphysema is classified as a chronic respiratory condition primarily affecting the lungs. It is characterized by the destruction of the alveoli, or air sacs, which impairs the lungs' ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide effectively. This damage leads to symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, and a chronic cough. The condition is often associated with long-term exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, or occupational dust and chemicals.

The nature of emphysema means that it falls under the broader category of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes other respiratory issues like chronic bronchitis. Understanding emphysema as a chronic respiratory condition helps in recognizing the importance of prevention, management, and treatment options available for individuals who suffer from it.